Gérard Huet's Sanskrit Site
Version 195 [01/12/04]
Welcome to my Sanskrit Library page.
You are invited to visit the first hypertext Sanskrit
dictionary, available interactively through its
index.
It currently gives meanings in
French, but has been designed for multilingual use.
You may also download printable versions of this dictionary, under several
formats, as explained below.
Book form
Portable Document Format
You may download the pdf file from
PDF.
This document is readable through Acrobat Reader,
a well-known browser plug-in from Adobe freely available on Internet.
Since the document is rather large, you have to account for some delay
in loading its 3 Mb.
Postscript
For those of you who prefer Postscript, it is also available as
a compressed Postscript file.
Web form
Interactive browsing
The dictionary may be accessed through a search engine implementing
an index.
Your browser must be HTML 4.0 compliant, and for proper viewing
of diacritics you must have installed on your system open type fonts
for roman transliteration with diacritics, and for devanagari.
For instance, install fonts IndUni, available from John Smith
at site Cambridge Indology and
Sanskrit 99, available from Ulrich Stiehl at site
Heidelberg's Sanskrit Web.
If after loading these fonts you still do not get the diacritics and
devanagari right, you
may have to fiddle with the controls of your browser, so that the font
declarations from the dictionary pages get precedence over the standard
selection. Also encoding must be specified as Unicode compliant (UTF-8).
Remark that most words are given with their etymology as hypertext links. You
may thus navigate from a word to its root. Also, the gender declarations of
the main entries are mouse-sensitive, and give you direct access to the
relevant declension table. Similarly, the present class of the verbal roots
gives access to the conjugation schemes. And for verb entries, preverbs
lead you to the correspondingly prefixed derived verbs.
Sanskrit made easy
If you want to search for a Sanskrit word
without knowing its exact transliteration, go to section "Sanskrit made easy"
of the index page, which allows you to search for words without knowing
precise diacritics.
For instance, search Vishnou, Siva, or the grammarian Panini.
Sanskrit Grammarian
This interface gives the declension tables for Sanskrit substantives.
Try out this
declension engine by submitting Sanskrit stems
with intended gender. The same transliteration conventions as for the
dictionary index apply. For instance, submit "deva" with gender Mas,
or "devii" with gender Fem, or "brahman" with gender Neu. The fourth
button, labeled "Contextual", may be used for the words which take their
gender from the context, such as "aham", "tvad", or the numbers words
such as "dva", "tri", etc. In order to have correct viewing of diacritics
for the resulting declined forms, you should install on your system
the Indic Times font as explained above.
A conjugation engine for roots is now available. It handles
the full present system: present indicative, imperfect, imperative and
optative, as well as the passive present, the perfect, the aorist
and the future. Some secondary conjugations (causative, intensive,
desiderative) are also generated, for the full present and future systems.
Try out this conjugation engine
with data such as bhuu 1, as 2, m.rj 2, han 2, haa 3, hu 3, daa 4, su 5,
p.r 6, yuj 7, k.r 8, j~naa 9, namas 10.
Lemmatiser
Conversely, a
lemmatiser
attempts to tag inflected words.
Try for instance devaat, jagmivaan, a.s.tau (clicking on Noun)
or apibat, akaar.siit, dudoha, vaahyate etc (clicking on Verb).
This lemmatizer knows about inflected forms of derived stems which
are not apparent in the display of the main stem inflection.
For instance, dar"sayi.syati is found as conjugated form:
{ ca. fut. a. sg. 3 }[d.r.s_1],
dariid.r"syate yields { int. pr. m. sg. 3 }[d.r"s_1],
did.rk.sate yields { des. pr. m. sg. 3 }[d.r"s_1]
and bibhik.se yields { des. pft. m. sg. 3 | des. pft. m. sg. 1 }[bhaj].
Declined forms
A dictionary of inflected forms of Sanskrit words is under preparation.
The declensions of all substantives, adjectives,
pronouns and numerals, together with undeclinable forms, is available as a
PDF file Volume I. A second volume contains
the conjugated forms of roots in the present, imperfect, imperative,
optative, perfect, aorist and future tenses as another PDF document
Volume II.
Sanskrit Reader
Try our experimental Sanskrit Reader.
It is able to segment simple sentences, where the (optional) finite verb form
occurs in final position.
You may use it to analyse sandhi from compounds.
Try for instance to segment "sugandhi.mpu.s.tivardhanam". Then
push the "tagging" button and get the fully tagged sentence.
For a simple sentence, try "maarjaarodugdha.mpibati".
Sentences may be broken with spaces for piecewise reading and for curbing
down overgenerative items.
The Zen Library
This site reflects an ongoing project of Sanskrit processing
on a comprehensive software platform.
The project is based on a structured lexicographic database, and on
the Zen library of computational linguistics tools, implemented in
Pidgin ML, functional core of the
Objective Caml
programming language. The Zen library and its documentation are available
as free software under the Gnu Lesser General Public License from the
Zen site.
Links to other Sanskrit resources
French to Sanskrit
Note that a French to Sanskrit dictionary is available through
André Signoret's site.
Other Sanskrit-related links
The Indology Site
The huge Sanskrit documents site
Sanskrit FAQ
The
Koeln site of indological resources
The Monier-Williams search engine
Capeller's dictionary
Apte's dictionary
On-line interface to Sanskrit dictionaries
A portal to Sanskrit dictionaries
Bharat Sanskrit site
The Sanskrit Library
The Clay Sanskrit Library
The Sanskrit Tutor at JNU
Titus server
Ian Houben's Vedic Ritual Site
Sanskrit Web of Ulrich Stiehl (Fonts, Itranslator)
Sanskrit Links from languages-on-the-web
Ramanujan's Vyasa at CDAC
Sanskrit & Sánscrito
with many further links to Sanskrit-related sites
The
Sanskrit Declension Trainer from Leipzig by Michael Bunk
The Devanagari
Animated Calligraphy page of Claude-Alice Marillier
The Sanskrit Web Ring
International Association of Sanskrit Studies
Academy of Sanskrit Research in Melkote
Avinash Chopde's ITRANS Software
Sanskrit Language Texts
The Advaita Sanskrit pages
The Dvaita Organisation
The Speak Sanskrit Movement
Sanskrit Sans Struggle
Le monde des langues - sanskrit
The Sanskrit Academy in San Jose
Sanskrit Utility and Links of Omkarananda Ashram Himalayas
Acharya from
IIT Madras
Vyaas Houston's American Sanskrit Institute
Brian Akers' Yoga Vidya Site
Artwork credits
Orissan artwork on this site © B. K. Arts & Crafts,
Bhubaneshwar, Orissa. All rights reserved.
Index page border design courtesy of
Sushama Londhe.
Wallpaper om images courtesy of
Vishvarupa.com.
Ganesh wallpaper courtesy of
François Patte.
Shri Yantra design © G. Huet 1990.
Gerard.Huet@inria.fr
Last update : December 1st, 2004